Indirect Speech atau Reported Speech Semua Tipe Statement, Question dan Imperative

Contoh, Rumus Indirect Speech/ Reported Speech Semua Type Statement Question dan Imperative

DIRECT- INDIRECT SPEECH

Sahabat englishschoolen kali ini kita akan membahas tentang kalimat pengulangan dalam bahasa inggris atau yang biasa disebut dengan indirect atau reported speech semua tipe baik tipe pernyataan (statement) pertanyaan (question) &perintah (imperative).

Sebelum membahas setiap tipe indirect speech satu persatu kita harus memahami dulu perubahan yang terjadi jika ingin merubah kalimat langsung (direct) menjadi tidak langsung (indirect)

1. Change of Tenses

Untuk perubahan tenses terjadi tiga kali perubahan tenses yaitu dari present tense menjadi past tense & past tense menjadi past perfect bisa kita lihat tabel sbb

DIRECT                                        INDIRECT
SIMPLE PRESENT	SIMPLE PAST	PAST PERFECT
V-1 s/es	V-2	HAD V-3
IS , AM, ARE	WAS, WERE	HAD BEEN
DO, DOES	DID	HAD

2. Change of Adverb

Adverb atau kata keterengan juga harus berubah dari kalimat direct menuju indirect, berikut tabel perubahannya

ADVERB OF TIME	DIRECT	INDIRECT
	NOW	THEN
	YESTERDAY	THE DAY BEFORE
	NEXT_______	______ AFTER
	_____ AGO	______ BEFORE
	TODAY	THAT DAY
	LAST____	_____ BEFORE
ADV OF PLACE	HERE	THERE
OTHER	THIS	THAT
	THESE	THOSE

Setelah kita mengetahui perubahan tenses dan adverb direct menuju indirect yuk kita lanjut membahas setiap tipe nya.

A. STATEMENT

Statement atau pernyataan biasa diikuti dengan kata pengantar seperti “said, told,informed”

Contoh:

- Roger said, “I help her today”

Kalimat diatas adalah direct ditandai dengan tanda kutip “ sehingga jika di ulang menjadi

- Roger said that he helped her that day

Di kalimat langsung menggunakan Verb 1 (help) maka berubah menjadi V-2 (helped) dan today berubah menjadi that day *lihat tabel

- Ratih told, “I am so busy now”

- Ratih told that she was so busy then.

- Haris informed, “they went to Bali yesterday”

- Haris informed that they had gone to bali the day before.

- Dimas told, "I have clean my room just now"
- Dimas told that he had cleaned his room just then

- Yuda said, "I can sing English song fluently"
- Yuda said that he could sing English song fluently

B. QUESTION

Question atau pertanyaan biasa diikuti dengan kata pengantar seperti “asked, wanted to know,wondered”. Indirect question memiliki dua tipe yes/no question & 5 W- H question.

*jika direct dalam bentuk pertanyaan (question) indirect berubah menjadi pernyataan (statement)

1. Yes/ No Question

Indirect Yes/ question wajib di ikuti oleh (if/ whether) setelah kata pengantar.

Contoh:

- Sandi asked Fikri, “Do you bring these books?”

Kalimat diatas adalah direct ditandai dengan tanda kutip “ sehingga jika di ulang kalimatnya menjadi

- Sandi asked Fikri if he brought those books.

Di kalimat langsung menggunakan Auxiliary present (do) maka berubah kata kerjanya menjadi V-2 (brought) dan kalimatnya menjadi pernyataan (statement) dan these berubah menjadi those *lihat tabel

- Salwa asked Sasa, “did you like watching horror movie here?”

- Salwa asked Sasa whether she had liked wathing movie there.

- Aya asked Ipan, “Can you help me to carry this bag?”

- Aya asked Ipan if he could help her to carry that bag.

- Uti asked Yani, "Does Andi stay in this room today?"
- Uti asked Yani if Andi stayed in that room that day.

- Desi asked Izhar, "Have you ever touched shark?"
- Desi asked Izhar if he had ever touched shark. 

2. 5 W – H Question

Indirect Yes/ question wajib di ikuti oleh (5 W- H) setelah kata pengantar.

Contoh:

- Ijar asked Yuni, “Why do you leave me here?”

Kalimat diatas adalah direct ditandai dengan tanda kutip “ sehingga jika di ulang kalimatnya menjadi

- Ijar asked Yuni why she left him there.

Di kalimat langsung menggunakan Auxiliary present (do) maka berubah kata kerjanya menjadi V-2 (left) dan kalimatnya menjadi pernyataan (statement) dan here berubah menjadi there *lihat tabel

- Roni asked Rina, “where is your home?”

- Roni asked Rina where her home was.

- Dona asked Agus, “how did they escape from here?”

- Dona asked Agus how they had escaped from there.

- Rina asked Topik, "Why don't he try his best in examination?"
- Rina asked Topik why he didn't try his best in his examination.

- Budi asked Yudi, "What will you do tomorrow?"
- Budi asked Yudi what he would do the day after.

C. IMPERATIVE

Imperative atau perintah biasa diikuti kata pengantar seperti ask, command, demand. Kalimat indirect imperative tidak mengalami perubahan Tenses.

Jika perintahnya positive maka di ikuti TO + V-1 namun jika negatif di ikuti NOT TO + V-1

(+) IMPERATIVE	(-) IMPERATIVE
TO + V-1/ BE	NOT TO V-1/ BE

Contoh:

- Teacher, “don’t cheat on examination!”

- Teacher asked the students not to cheat on examination.

- Mother, “clean your room and don’t go out!”

- Mother commanded me to clean my room and not to go out.

- Boss, "Please come in and don't come late again!"
- Boss commanded his employee to come in and not to come late again.

- The Stewardess, "Fasten your seat belt now!"
- The Stewardess ordered passanger to fasten their seat belt then.

- Bill, "Be quiet and don't speak so loudly!"
- Bill asked me to be quiet and not to speak loudly.

Baca Juga:

Contoh Adjective Clause

Contoh Causative Verb

Contoh Concord

Sahabat englishschoolen itulah penjelasan dan contoh dari Indirect speech semoga bermanfaat dan dapat membantu lebih memahami pelajaran sekolah adik adik semua. Jika ada pertanyaan atau kurang jelas silahkan bertanya di kolom komentar.

Tetap Semangat :D